| Distributed representations | Another approach to word representation is to learn a distributed representation . |
| Distributed representations | (Not to be confused with distributional representations .) |
| Distributed representations | A distributed representation is dense, low-dimensional, and real-valued. |
| Distributional representations | LSA (Dumais et al., 1988; Landauer et al., 1998), LSI, and LDA (Blei et al., 2003) induce distributional representations over F in which each column is a document context. |
| Distributional representations | However, like all the works cited above, Sahlgren (2006) only uses distributional representation to improve existing systems for one-shot classification tasks, such as IR, WSD, semantic knowledge tests, and text categorization. |
| Distributional representations | Previous research has achieved repeated successes on these tasks using clustering representations (Section 3) and distributed representations (Section 4), so we focus on these representations in our work. |
| Supervised evaluation tasks | We apply clustering and distributed representations to NER and chunking, which allows us to compare our semi-supervised models to those of Ando and Zhang (2005) and Suzuki and Isozaki (2008). |