Our parser jointly performs word segmentation, POS tagging and syntactic parsing .

The results also demonstrate that the annotated word structures are highly effective for syntactic parsing , giving an absolute improvement of 0.82% in phrase-structure parsing accuracy over the joint model with flat word structures.

Words are treated as the atomic units in syntactic parsing , machine translation, question answering and other NLP tasks.

In this paper, we investigate Chinese syntactic parsing with character—level information by extending the notation of phrase-structure

In addition, we present results for a full system using additional features which achieves close to state of the art performance without resorting to gold syntactic parses or to context outside the relation.

In addition, we present a system which combines these word pairs with additional features to achieve near state of the art performance without the use of syntactic parse features and of context outside the arguments of the relation.

1Reliable syntactic parses are not always available in domains other than newswire, and context (preceding relations, especially explicit relations) is not always available in some applications such as generation and question answering.

To handle this problem, several methods exploited syntactic information, where several heuristic patterns based on syntactic parsing were designed (Popescu and Etzioni, 2005; Qiu et al., 2009; Qiu et al., 2011).

Without using syntactic parsing , the noises from parsing errors can be effectively avoided.

As mentioned in (Liu et al., 2013), using PSWAM can not only inherit the advantages of WAM: effectively avoiding noises from syntactic parsing errors when dealing with informal texts, but also can improve the mining performance by using partial supervision.

Upon manual inspection, many of the remaining errors are due to syntactic parsing errors that are too severe to fix.

This is partly due to the fact that ATIS sentences are out of domain compared to the newswired text on which the syntactic parsers were trained.

However, in complex sentences, syntax and semantic often diverge, either due to their differing goals or simply stemming from syntactic parsing errors.