| Analysis of cell phenotype and cytokine secretion by flow cytometry | The cell populations were manually examined based on their CD14 and CD11b intensities to identify DN, SP and DP cell populations and the frequency count and a mean intensity value for each channel were calculated. |
| Estimation of the relative contribution of each cell population in the total cytokine production | Estimation of the relative contribution of each cell population in the total cytokine production |
| Estimation of the relative contribution of each cell population in the total cytokine production | The coefficients were then used to infer the amount of cytokine by DN, SP and DP cell populations . |
| Identification of critical ligands impacting the phenotype and pro-angiogenic activity of TEM differentiated in vitro—Antagonistic effect of TG F-B and synergistic effects of TN F-or on TEM pro-angiogenic phenotype and function | Thus, cumulated TEM secretions from ivdTEM were measured experimentally and the secretions for TEM were mathematically inferred (ivdTEM correspond to double positive DP cell population , see Materials and Methods and S2 Fig.) |
| In vivo and in vitro angiogenesis assay | The bacterial li-popolysaccharide membrane receptor CD14 is a component of the innate immune system mainly expressed by monocytes and macrophages and commonly used as a marker of these cell populations . |
| Supporting Information | CD11b+, CD 14+ cells are gated from live and single cell population and the expression of Tie-2 and VEGFR-l was assessed in this population either in peripheral blood (A) or dissociated tumors (B). |
| Supporting Information | double positive DP cells) while in vitro differentiated cells encompassed three cell populations : DN: double negative (CD1 1b", CD14"), SP: single positive (CD1 1b", CD14+) and DP: double positive (CD11b+, CD14+). |
| Supporting Information | In vitro differentiated TEM correspond to the DP cell population and display a phenotype and functions intermediate to blood and tumor patient TEM (Fig. |
| Abstract | Infra-tumour heterogeneity, the diversity of the cancer cell population within the tumour of an individual patient, is related to cancer stem cells and is also considered a potential prognostic indicator in oncology. |
| Author Summary | The Cancer Stem Cell (CSC) hypothesis, the idea that a small population of tumour cells have the capacity to seed and grow the tumour, and intra-tumour heterogeneity, the diversity of the cancer cell population Within the tumour of an individual patient, have long been considered the basis of potential prognostic indicators in oncology. |
| Introduction | These results were derived mostly from cell-lines, which are characterised by relatively homogeneous cell populations , and were further validated in time-course differentiation experiments [16]. |
| Introduction | In addition to quantifying stemness of the signalling regime of a homogeneous cell population, signalling entropy, if computed over a heterogeneous cell population , should also quantify the intercellular diversity in pathway activation. |
| Introduction | We derived a sufficient condition on the eXpression profiles of homogeneous cell populations for signalling entropy to be a measure of intra-sample heterogeneity on average. |
| Rationale of signalling entropy as a prognostic measure | Thus, given a homogeneous cell population , a high signalling entropy suggests that signalling within each cell is very promiscuous and that the cells may therefore have a plastic stem cell like phenotype. |
| A comprehensive model of WNT/,B-catenin signaling | Note that in our model we consider only one cell, instead of a heterogeneous cell population . |
| A comprehensive model of WNT/,B-catenin signaling | As shown in our aforementioned study, the impact of the cell cycle asynchrony on the average fi-catenin dynamics in cell populations is negligible [44]. |
| A comprehensive model of WNT/,B-catenin signaling | Naturally, in a cell population , the released WNT molecules will most likely induce WNT/fi-catenin signaling in the neighboring cells as well (paracrine activation). |
| Author Summary | Human neural progenitor cells offer the promising perspective of using in-vitro grown neural cell populations for replacement therapies in the context of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s or Huntington’s disease. |
| Nuclear ,B-catenin dynamics during early differentiation in human neural progenitor cells | Also, at later time points the cell population of ReNcell VM197 is already so heterogeneous due to differentiation, that potential signal activities may originate from multiple sources. |
| Comparing pathogen growth against death rate | In [27] , the model assumed that the dynamics of the immune cell population took the form dy/ dt = pr xy (Equation 3 in that paper). |
| Model outline | The growth of the immune cell population is modelled using a logistic-growth curve: |
| Model outline | To proceed with finding an analytical solution for the emergence probability, we proceed as in previous analyses [21, 24, 31], and note that since y is monotonically increasing, we can use the immune cell population size as a surrogate measure of time. |