As with the experimental data, we find that, in both the current-based and conductance-based models, higher amplitude synapses are easier to detect and there is an asymmetry between excitatory and inhibitory inputs with inhibitory inputs being more difficult to detect than excitatory inputs of the same magnitude.

This paradigm for injection of fully-defined current allows us to examine the detectability of excitatory and inhibitory inputs of multiple amplitudes using the same recording [40].

Importantly, inhibitory inputs are more difficult to detect than excitatory inputs of the same amplitude, and inhibition required ~ 30% more data for detection with pairwise tests.

Excitatory and inhibitory inputs are assumed to have the same distribution, differing only by the sign.

Inhibitory inputs are detected less readily than excitatory.

They have less impact on the postsynaptic firing, and thus are less accurate in predicting output spikes compared to excitatory inputs of the same magnitude (the log likelihood ratios comparing Model 2 with coupling to Model 1 with spike-history alone are 58i2% smaller for inhibitory inputs ).

With these data we find c = 111, 32, and 18s for detection of excitatory inputs at 1Hz, 5Hz, and 10Hz output rates and c = 182, 46, and 29s for detection of inhibitory inputs at these rates.

For the conductance-based models, since we want the average PSC for each presynaptic input to match the original inputs, we introduce an additional constraint that the excitatory and inhibitory input be balanced: 611 < V(t) — VI > = — < V(t) — VE > aE.

The reversal potential for the excitatory and inhibitory inputs were 0 mV and -85 mV respectively.

To investigate this, we simulated an auditory cortical neuron using an integrate-and-f1re computational neuronal model [23—24] , and measured how changing the relative timing between excitatory and inhibitory inputs affected a neuron’s representation of temporal information.

3), when either a synchronized neuron’s inhibitory input was reduced or a non-synchronized neuron’s excitatory input was increased, the neural coding regime changed to a mixed response (i.e.

We also hypothesized that the strength of a neuron’s inhibitory input would impact its temporal fidelity.

Mixed responses could occur when the excitatory input of a non-synchronized neuron increased in strength, or alternatively when the inhibitory input of a synchronized neuron decreased in strength.

In addition to excitatory inputs, inhibitory inputs across cortical layers are diverse.

Genetically and morphologically distinct groups of interneurons contribute inhibitory inputs to specific layers of neocortex, and perform different roles [30,36].

These cells uniquely possess dendrites spanning all cortical layers and receive both long-range excitatory and local excitatory and inhibitory inputs [1].