It can be viewed as a structured prediction problem, where a semantic parse is formed by partitioning the input sentence (or a syntactic analysis such as a dependency tree) into meaning units and assigning each unit to the logical form representing an entity or relation (Figure 1).

Top: semantic parsing converts an input sentence into logical form in Davidsonian semantics.

parser extracts knowledge from input text and converts them into logical form (the semantic parse), which can then be used in logical and probabilistic inference and support end tasks such as question answering.

We propose OntoUSP (Ontological USP), a system that learns an ISA hierarchy over clusters of logical expressions, and populates it by translating sentences to logical form .