| Conclusion | Also, it achieves the best ever performance on a common testbed, beating the top-performer of the 2007 CMC Challenge, a handcrafted rule-based system. |
| Experiments | Our second baseline is a symbolic system, designed to evaluate the quality of our rule-based components when used alone. |
| Experiments | Table 3: Micro-averaged Fl-scores for statistical and symbolic baselines, the proposed LT-HMM approach, and the best CMC handcrafted rule-based system. |
| Related work | Several teams, including the winner, built pure symbolic (i.e., handcrafted rule-based ) systems (e.g., (Goldstein et al., 2007)). |