Article Structure
Abstract
We describe a discourse annotation scheme for Chinese and report on the preliminary results.
Introduction
In the realm of discourse annotation, the Penn Discourse TreeBank (PDTB) (Prasad et al., 2008) separates itself by adopting a lexically grounded approach: Discourse relations are lexically anchored by discourse connectives (e.g., because, but, therefore), which are viewed as predicates that take abstract objects such as propositions, events and states as their arguments.
The PDTB annotation scheme
As mentioned in the introduction, discourse relation is viewed as a predication with two arguments in the framework of the PDTB.
Adapted scheme for Chinese
3.1 Key characteristics of Chinese text
Annotation experiment
To test our adapted annotation scheme, we have conducted annotation experiments on a modest, yet significant, amount of data and computed agreement statistics.
Conclusions
We have presented a discourse annotation scheme for Chinese that adopts the lexically ground approach of the PDTB while making systematic adaptations motivated by characteristics of Chinese text.
Topics
TreeBank
- Our scheme, inspired by the Penn Discourse TreeBank (PDTB), adopts the lexically grounded approach; at the same time, it makes adaptations based on the linguistic and statistical characteristics of Chinese text.Page 1, “Abstract”
- In the realm of discourse annotation, the Penn Discourse TreeBank (PDTB) (Prasad et al., 2008) separates itself by adopting a lexically grounded approach: Discourse relations are lexically anchored by discourse connectives (e.g., because, but, therefore), which are viewed as predicates that take abstract objects such as propositions, events and states as their arguments.Page 1, “Introduction”
- According to a rough count on 20 randomly selected files from Chinese Treebank (Xue et al., 2005), 82% are tokens of implicit relation, compared to 54.5% in the PDTB 2.0.Page 5, “Adapted scheme for Chinese”
- The data set consists of 98 files taken from the Chinese Treebank (Xue et al., 2005).Page 7, “Annotation experiment”
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lexicalized
- o AltLex: when insertion of a connective leads to redundancy due to the presence of an alternatively lexicalized expression, as in (2).Page 2, “The PDTB annotation scheme”
- o NoRel: when neither a lexicalized discourse relation nor entity-based coherence is present.Page 2, “The PDTB annotation scheme”
- Implicit) or overt, lexicalized as discourse connectives (i.e.Page 8, “Conclusions”
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