Although first introduced as a quantity that can be computed from the peri-stimulus time histogram ( PSTH ) measured in response to a repeated stimulus, the single-spike information can also be expressed as the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence between two distributions over the stimulus (see [26] , appendix B):

An important general corollary to the equivalence between MID and an LNP maximum likelihood estimate is that the standard single-spike information estimate lss based on a PSTH measured in response to repeated stimuli is also a Poisson log-likelihood per spike (plus a constant).

Where XML denotes the maximum-likelihood or plugin estimate of the time-varying spike rate (i.e., the PSTH itself), 2: is the mean spike rate across time, and £(9c;r) denotes the log-likeli-hood of the repeat data r under a Poisson model With time-varying rate 2v.

The plugin (ML) estimator for spike rate can be read off from the peri-stimulus time histogram ( PSTH ).

If we focus on the peristimulus time histogram ( PSTH ) for the average membrane potential of output neurons aligned to external events, both neuron groups initially show weak responses to both correlation events, and yet the depolarization is relatively higher for source A than for source B (Fig 2C left).

The PSTH of firing shows that the behavior of the membrane potential in the Poisson model is similar (Fig IC and SIE Fig).

(D) PSTH of the membrane potential calculated for gray areas in (A).

(E) Peristimulus time histogram ( PSTH ) of the firing probability for the same simulation.