| Abstract | Here, we report a novel hybrid mathematical modeling strategy to systematically unravel hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) stimulated phosphoinosi-tide-3-kinase (PI3K) and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, which critically contribute to liver regeneration. |
| Author Summary | We combine interaction graph and dynamic modeling with quantitative experimental data to study the hepatocyte growth factor induced signaling network in primary mouse hepatocytes. |
| Discussion | Examples include that of periodic calcium spikes after growth factor or hormone stimulation [54] and the MAPK system, where positive and negative feedback loops allow the system to switch between monostable and bistable regimes and, therefore, to flexibly adapt the response to different stimuli [55]. |
| Introduction | An important factor that contributes to liver regeneration and has been implicated in the context of resistance to targeted tumor therapy is hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). |
| Development of a computational model | Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs), which have a high affinity for IGFs, control IGF bioavailability. |
| Insulin signaling interactions in glioblastoma | Bound complex of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 and Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2 (IGFI-IGFBP2)complex complex |
| Introduction | Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGFI) and insu-lin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGFIR) are an integral part of normal fetal and postnatal growth of the brain [19]. |
| Introduction | The activation of ErbB receptors by epidermal growth factor (EGF) or heregulin (HRG) in the MCF7 breast cancer cell line exemplifies the impact of such transient or sustained signalling on cell fate [3, 4]. |
| Results | They are normally growth-quiescent in the normal adult vessels, but are activated by injury, or exposure to growth factors (including FGF2) and pro-inflamma-tory cytokines (including IL1b). |
| The early peak signature is enriched for lEGs and signalling pathways | Pathways associated with the early peak signature included the transforming growth factor (TGF) beta signalling pathway, and the platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) signalling pathway, which play critical roles in cellular proliferation and development [24] and shares the downstream targets with the ErbB receptor signalling pathway, the receptors for EGF and HRG and all those belong to the members of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) family. |